The repeated awakenings associated with sleep apnea make restorative sleep impossible. Other people may be treated with a different kind of positive airway pressure therapy.Ĭentral sleep apnea is a serious medical condition. It is a combination of obstructive and central sleep apneas.įor some people, complex sleep apnea goes away with continued use of their CPAP device. This condition is known as treatment-emergent central sleep apnea. Some people with obstructive sleep apnea develop central sleep apnea while using continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Opioid medicines may increase the risk of central sleep apnea.ĬPAP. High-altitude sleep apnea resolves a few weeks after returning to a lower altitude. Sleeping at an altitude higher than you're used to may increase your risk of sleep apnea. These brain conditions can affect the brain's ability to regulate breathing. Stroke, brain tumor or a structural problem with the brainstem.Having heart muscles that don't pump enough blood for the body's needs, known as congestive heart failure, also can raise the risk. An irregular heartbeat, known as atrial fibrillation, can increase the risk. Heart problems put people at higher risk of central sleep apnea. This could be because people older than 60 are likely to have other medical conditions or sleep patterns that are linked to central sleep apnea. Central sleep apnea is more common among older adults, especially those older than age 60. Males are more likely to develop central sleep apnea than are females. The cause of this uncommon type of central sleep apnea is not known.Ĭertain factors put you at increased risk of central sleep apnea: Primary central sleep apnea, also known as idiopathic sleep apnea.This type of sleep apnea doesn't involve Cheyne-Stokes breathing. Several medical conditions, including end-stage kidney disease and stroke, may lead to central sleep apnea. Medical condition-induced central sleep apnea.It is a combination of obstructive and central sleep apneas. Some people with obstructive sleep apnea develop central sleep apnea while using continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for treatment. Treatment-emergent central sleep apnea.The change in oxygen at a high altitude can cause fast breathing, known as hyperventilation, followed by taking in too little air. A Cheyne-Stokes breathing pattern can occur if you're at a very high altitude. They include morphine (MS Contin, Mitigo, others), oxycodone (Roxicodone, Oxycontin, others) and codeine. These medicines can be taken by mouth or by shot, also called injection. Taking certain medicines such as opioids can cause breathing to become irregular or stop completely for a short time. During the weakest breathing effort, a total lack of airflow can occur. This type of central sleep apnea is most commonly associated with congestive heart failure or stroke.ĭuring Cheyne-Stokes breathing, breathing effort and airflow gradually rise and then lessen. The cause varies with the type of central sleep apnea you have. Central sleep apnea can be caused by a number of conditions that affect the ability of the brainstem to control breathing. It controls many functions, including heart rate and breathing. The brainstem links the brain to the spinal cord. Sleepiness during the day may be caused by obstructive sleep apnea, by not allowing yourself time to get enough sleep at night or by sudden attacks of sleep, known as narcolepsy.Ĭentral sleep apnea occurs when your brain doesn't transmit signals to your breathing muscles. Excessive daytime drowsiness can be due to other disorders, so it's important to get an accurate diagnosis. Excessive daytime drowsiness, which may cause you to fall asleep while you're working, watching television or even driving.Īsk a member of your health care team about any sleep problem that leaves you regularly fatigued, sleepy and irritable.Shortness of breath that awakens you from sleep.When to see a doctorĬonsult a medical professional if you have - or if your partner notices - any symptoms of central sleep apnea, particularly: However, snoring may not be as prominent with central sleep apnea as it is with obstructive sleep apnea. Excessive daytime sleepiness, known as hypersomnia.Īlthough snoring suggests some degree of a blocked airway, snoring also can occur in people with central sleep apnea.Not being able to stay asleep, known as insomnia.Sudden awakenings with shortness of breath.Observed episodes of not breathing during sleep.Common symptoms of central sleep apnea include:
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